This post is really just an informative post about how barcodes work, and what they can tell us about where a product is from. Since this blog is about my Pentel collection, I will be using Pentel barcodes, but this applies to most barcodes in general.
All Pentel pencils that I have seen have either a 12-digit or 13-digit barcode (there are other lengths of barcodes, but I am not going to cover those).

12-digit UPC-A (Universal Product Code version A) used in United States and Canada.

13-digit IAN-13 (International Article Number) used in the rest of the world. This is sometimes referred to as EAN-13 (European Article Number) or JAN-13 (Japanese Article Number).
Barcodes can be divided into 3 parts (yes, it is actually more complicated than that, but for simplicity, this works). For the IAN-13 code, the first 7 digits are the assigned Company Prefix and for the UPC-A, it is the first 6 digits. The next 5 are assigned by the manufacturer as a unique identifier, and the last digit is a check digit.
What we are concerned with here is the 6 or 7-digit Company Prefix. This tells us who the manufacturing company is, or in this case, which of Pentel’s regional companies is the primary distribution point.
To find this information, you can go to http://gepir.gs1.org/index.php/search-by-gtin and enter the 12 or 13-digit barcode number, it will return the company associated with the Company Prefix. In some cases, it cannot find a record associated with that code, but will at least return the region it is associated with.
The chart below shows what is returned for an example product barcode from every region that Pentel has barcodes associated with P200 Sharps (that I have seen).
Barcode & Example Item
|
Company Prefix
|
Country Code
|
Company
|
065921923739 P205BP2 P205 Black & White Pack |
065921 |
CA |
Pentel Stationary of Canada Ltd. 5900 No. 2 Road Unit 140 Richmond, BC V7C 4R9 CA |
072512044902 P205BP2-K6 P205 2-Pack |
072512 |
US |
Pentel of America, Ltd. 2715 COLUMBIA ST TORRANCE, CA 90503-3861 US |
3474372050609 P205-GA Carbon Black P205 |
3474372 |
FR |
EUROPENTEL SAS 43 RUE FRANCOIS DE TROY BRY SUR MARNE 94360 FR |
4711577064437 XP205-1X |
4711557 |
TW |
PENTEL STATIONERY (TAIWAN) CO., LTD. 2F., NO. 152, SEC. 4, CHENG DE ROAD 104 TAIPEI TW |
4902506304919 XP209-PX P209 Kirari Pink Single Pack |
4902506 |
JP |
ぺんてる(株) TOKYO TO CHUO KU 1038538 JP |
7610924040155 P205-WN White (Blank Text) P205 |
7610924 |
CH |
Pentel Papeteriewaren AG Gewerbestrasse 20 Egg b. Zürich 8132 CH |
7898419160872 P205-FRPB Ferrari Red P205 |
7898419 |
BR |
PENTEL DO BRASIL IMP EXP IND E COM LTDA R DONA MARIA FIDELIS, , 130, PIRAPORINHA R DONA MARIA FIDELIS, , 130, PIRAPORINHADIADEMA, SP 09950350 BR |
7908429600210 P205-HDCPB Hybrid Green/Blue |
7908429 |
BR |
PENTEL DO BRASIL IMP EXP IND E COM LTDA R DONA MARIA FIDELIS, , 130, PIRAPORINHA R DONA MARIA FIDELIS, , 130, PIRAPORINHADIADEMA, SP 09950350 BR |
884851008244 P205M-CX Metallic Blue P205 |
884851 |
US |
PENTEL CO., LTD. TOKYO TO CHUO KU NIHOMBASHIKOAMICHO 1030016 JP |
9310821509738 PEXP205FB P205-FB Fluorescent Red Package with Lead (Australia) |
9310821 |
AU |
Pentel (Australia) Pty. Limited PO Box 306 NORTH RYDE BC, NSW 1670 AU |
What does this information tell us? Well, for example, the P205-GA Carbon Black pencil that is sold in a lot of places, such as https://www.jetpens.com/ (a US reseller of pencils from Japan), was not originally released by Pentel Japan, but actually by Pentel Europe in France. Does this really mean anything, probably not in reference to these pencils, but if you find a pencil with the barcode attached, you can at least have a starting point on where to possibly source the pencil. At one point two of the barcodes did not return company information, but did at least return the region they are associated with. This does not mean that these are bad numbers, it may be that Pentel for that region, just purchased a range of barcodes, instead of a Company Prefix, or the registration was in process.
If you are interested in learning more about this, here are links to a few Wikipedia articles:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Product_Code
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Article_Number
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcode
[Edited 10/25/2021 to update the registration information for 7610924 and 884851. Also added was the registration for Taiwan (4711557). Also minor update to the last paragraph, since the two codes are now registered.]